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Process Data set: soybean production, monoculture system (en) en

Key Data Set Information
Location BR-RS
Geographical representativeness description The inventory is modelled for the state of Rio Grande do Sul, in Brazil. Some data are extrapolated from Europe or Switzerland.
Reference year 2012
Name
soybean production, monoculture system
General comment on data set . This dataset represents the production of 1 kg of soybeans (fresh matter).The yield is 2700 kg/ha at a moisture content at storage of 11%. . In RS, 73.4% of soybean is produced in monoculture systems. . The inputs of seeds, mineral fertilisers and pesticides were considered. . Pesticide input from technosphere and emissions were considered for each active ingredient in particular with its regionalized amounts Folegatti et al. (2015), except for those not in Ecoinvent database, included as "pesticides, unspecified". Pesticide emissions estimation followed Nemecek and Schnetzer (2011), allocating emissions exclusively to soil. . Direct field emissions were included using the recommended Ecoinvent formulas and parameters most of the time, but with important regionalizations added (see each Exchange Comment field for details). . C binding was estimated as recommended by Nemecek and Schnetzer (2011), although IPCC doesn't consider C binding to biomass in annual crops. . Emissions of heavy metals to soil and surface water estimated from mineral fertilisers and liming as recommended by Canals (2003) and regionalized following Folegatti et al.(2015). . “Dry mass” and “C content” Exchange Properties for soybean product and seed were based on ecoinvent database". All other Exchange properties were assumed to be the same as in Ecoinvent Master Data, except for operations. . Diesel consumption from operations and its emissions were calculated and included in this dataset. . Transport of inputs is not included in this dataset because transport modelling depends on assumptions specific for each LCA study. . Bibliography is listed in the text box below.;Barakat, M. A. New trends in removing heavy metals from industrial wastewater. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 2011, v. 4, p. 361-377. ;Bordin, I.; Neves, C.S.V.J.; Medina, C. de C.; SANTOS, J.C.F.dos; Torres, E.; Urquiaga, S. "Matéria seca, carbono e nitrogênio de raízes de soja e milho em plantio direto e convencional.", 2008. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira, Brasilia, v.43, n.12, p.1785-1792, dez. 2008.;Canals, 2003: Contributions to LCA Methodology for Agricultural Systems. Site-dependency and soil degradation impact assessment: http://www.tdx.cat/handle/10803/3155;CONAB, 2015: http://www.conab.gov.br/conteudos.php?a=1252&t=2;Folegatti et al., 2015: Contributions from experts here listed: Marília I. S. Folegatti Matsuura, Embrapa Meio Ambiente, marilia.folegatti@embrapa.br; Marco Antônio F. Gomes, Embrapa Meio Ambiente, marco.gomes@embrapa.br; César de Castro, Embrapa Soja, cesar.castro@embrapa.br; Marcelo H. Hirakuri, Embrapa Soja, marcelo.hirakuri@embrapa.br; Henrique Debiasi, Embrapa Soja, henrique.debiasi@embrapa.br; André May, Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, andre.may@embrapa.br; Paulo Ernani P. Ferreira, Embrapa Trigo, paulo-ernani.ferreira@embrapa.br.;Maciel, V.G., et al., Life Cycle Inventory for the agricultural stages of soybean production in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, Journal of Cleaner Production (2015), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.01.016;Nemecek and Schnetzer: Methods of assessment of direct field emissions for LCIs of agricultural production systems, Data v3.0 (2011): http://www.ecoinvent.org/fileadmin/talkpages/pages/01-01-crop-production/01_crop_production_-_direct_field_emissions___natural_resources_v1.1.pdf;Nemecek T. & Kagi T. (2007) Life Cycle Inventories of Swiss and European Agricultural Production Systems. Final report ecoinvent v2.0 nº 15a. Agroscope Reckenholz - Taenikon Research Station ART, Swiss Center for Life Cycle Inventories, Zurich and Dubendorf, CH, retrieved from: www.ecoinvent.ch.;Novais, R.F.; Smyth, T.J. Fósforo em solo e planta em condições tropicais. Viçosa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 1999. 399p;Sugawara: Comparação dos desempenhos ambientais do B5 etílico de soja e do óleo diesel, por meio da Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida (ACV). http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3137/tde-16072013-122953/pt-br.php;Dataset authors: Marília I. S. Folegatti Matsuura, Juliana F. Picoli, Renan M. L. Novaes: Embrapa Meio Ambiente Fernando Rodrigues Teixeira Dias, Embrapa Pantanal Marcelo H. Hirakuri, Embrapa Soja, marcelo.hirakuri@embrapa.br; César de Castro, Embrapa Soja, cesar.castro@embrapa.br; Rafael Batista Zortea, rafael@sapucaia.ifsul.edu.br Paulo Ernani P. Ferreira, Embrapa Trigo, paulo-ernani.ferreira@embrapa.br This activity begins with the drying of plant that remained in the field (that could be another crop of a crop system, grass or any other vegetation), followed by the soil correction (liming). This activity ends after harvest at the farm gate.
Copyright Yes
Quantitative reference
Reference flow(s)
Time representativeness
Data set valid until 2014
Time representativeness description Time period of the most of the data collected for this dataset.
Technological representativeness
Technology description including background system . It was assumed that no organic fertilisers are applied. . Authors decided to base this dataset on Ecoinvent not to add or change any Exchange or Parameter on Master Data. Two operations are known and usual but were not included: electrical operation for inoculating seeds (supposed irrelevant) and transportation of soybean produced inside the farm (changes a lot, depending on the harvest and storage system adopted). . Farms in Brazil can be quite large, so crop transportation may become representative for fuel and machinery use. Nevertheless, users must consider and include this operation when using this dataset, when suitable, as there are many different ways of crop transportation inside farms. Also, users must check if the default operations choosen from Ecoinvent Master Data represent adequate estimates for inputs, outputs and emissions. For instance, size of machinery usually influence its fuel use efficiency. Actually, for every resource from technosphere on this dataset, users must check if the dataset of the activity that produces the resource is suitable to their LCA study.
Mathematical model
Variable / parameter Formula Mean value Minimum value Maximum value Uncertainty distribution type Relative StdDev in % General comment
T_t 3.7037 3.7037 LOG_NORMAL 1.0935646911485417120957208680920302867889404296875 % m2/kg
Ntot 5.0 LOG_NORMAL 1.045736434838406836433932767249643802642822265625 % kg/ha
P 1787.8 LOG_NORMAL 1.045736434838406836433932767249643802642822265625 % mm/year
L 0.49 LOG_NORMAL 1.024797361991360400423900500754825770854949951171875 % m
REF_PRODUCT 1.0 % kg
REF_PRODUCT_WM 1.0 % kg
REF_PRODUCT_DM REF_PRODUCT_WM- REF_PRODUCT_WWM 0.89 % kg
REF_PRODUCT_WWM 0.11 % kg
REF_PRODUCT_C_content 0.43596 % dimensionless
SEED 0.0222 % kg
SEED_DM SEED_WM- SEED_WWM 0.89 % kg
SEED_WWM 0.11 % kg
SEED_WM 1.0 % kg
SEED_C_content 0.43596 % dimensionless
N_fert Ntot * T_t * 1E-04 0.00185185 % kg
diesel_consumption 0.84*(13*1/6*1 + 12*1/10*7 + 13*1/1.8*1 + 20*1/3*1)*T_t*1E-04 0.00760838745333333 % kg
temp_olca_param16 REF_PRODUCT 1.0 %
temp_olca_param17 SEED 0.0222 %
temp_olca_param18 N_fert 0.00185185 %
temp_olca_param19 diesel_consumption 0.00760838745333333 %
temp_olca_param20 T_t 3.7037 %
temp_olca_param21 T_t 3.7037 %
temp_olca_param22 44/12 * (REF_PRODUCT_C_content* REF_PRODUCT * REF_PRODUCT_DM - SEED_C_content * SEED * SEED_DM) 1.39109924184 %
temp_olca_param23 N_fert*0.04 + 0.02*(1/1000)* diesel_consumption 7.42261677490667E-5 %
temp_olca_param24 0.21* (44/28*(0.01*(N_fert+108*T_t*1E-04)+0.01*14/17*N_fert*0.04 + 0.0075*14/62*((21.37 + P/(55*L) * (0.0037 * Ntot + 0.0000601 * 10000 - 0.00362 * 78)) * T_t * 1E-04))) + (1/1000*(154*1/6*1 + 113*1/10*7 + 131*1/1.8*1 + 51*1/3*1)*T_t*1E-04) 2.19418388007229E-4 %
temp_olca_param25 44/28*(0.01*(N_fert+108*T_t*1E-04)+0.01*14/17*N_fert*0.04 + 0.0075*14/62*((21.37 + P/(55*L) * (0.0037 * Ntot + 0.0000601 * 10000 - 0.00362 * 78)) * T_t * 1E-04)) + 0.12*(1/1000)* diesel_consumption 7.02650921343637E-4 %
temp_olca_param26 (21.37 + P/(55*L) * (0.0037 * Ntot + 0.0000601 * 10000 - 0.00362 * 78)) * T_t * 1E-04 0.0161981613872 %
temp_olca_param27 800 * 0.00095 * 1.86 * 0.2 * T_t*1E-04 1.047110064E-4 %
temp_olca_param28 T_t * 0.8456 3.13184872 %
temp_olca_param29 1.58E-01 0.158 %
temp_olca_param30 T_t * 0.1544 0.57185128 %
temp_olca_param31 1/1000*(10*1/6*1 + 10*1/10*7 + 10*1/1.8*1 + 4.5*1/3*1)*T_t*1E-04 5.82303944444444E-6 %
temp_olca_param32 1/1000*(14*1/6*1 + 14*1/10*7 + 11*1/1.8*1 + 9.6*1/3*1)*T_t*1E-04 7.94237888888889E-6 %
temp_olca_param33 3120*(1/1000)* diesel_consumption 0.0237381688544 %
temp_olca_param34 1.01*(1/1000)* diesel_consumption 7.68447132786666E-6 %
temp_olca_param35 0.0*(1/1000)* diesel_consumption 0.0 %
temp_olca_param36 1.29E-01*(1/1000)* diesel_consumption 9.8148198148E-7 %
temp_olca_param37 7.30E-03*(1/1000)* diesel_consumption 5.55412284093333E-8 %
temp_olca_param38 1.00E-05*(1/1000)* diesel_consumption 7.60838745333333E-11 %
temp_olca_param39 0.00005*(1/1000)* diesel_consumption 3.80419372666667E-10 %
temp_olca_param40 1.70E-03*(1/1000)* diesel_consumption 1.29342586706667E-8 %
temp_olca_param41 0.00007*(1/1000)* diesel_consumption 5.32587121733333E-10 %
temp_olca_param42 0.001*(1/1000)* diesel_consumption 7.60838745333333E-9 %
temp_olca_param43 3.00E-05*(1/1000)* diesel_consumption 2.282516236E-10 %
temp_olca_param44 1.00E-05*(1/1000)* diesel_consumption 7.60838745333333E-11 %
temp_olca_param45 3.29E-03*(1/1000)* diesel_consumption 2.50315947214667E-8 %
LCI method and allocation
Type of data set Unit process, black box
LCI Method Principle Other
Data sources, treatment and representativeness
Completeness
Completeness of product model No statement
Data generator
Data set generator / modeller
Data entry by
Time stamp (last saved) 2016-03-15T16:00:51.468-03:00
Data set format(s)
Data entry by
Publication and ownership
UUID 1a7d4439-ab96-345d-8678-13c03cdc35b2
Date of last revision 2016-03-07T11:26:46.000-03:00
Data set version 03.00.000
Copyright Yes

Inputs

Type of flow Classification Flow Variable Mean amount Resulting amount Minimum amount Maximum amount
Product flow temp_olca_param17 1.0 kg0.0222 kg
Product flow 0.37 kg0.37 kg
Product flow C:Manufacturing / 20:Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products / 201:Manufacture of basic chemicals, fertilizers and nitrogen compounds, plastics and synthetic rubber in primary forms / 2012:Manufacture of fertilizers and nitrogen compounds temp_olca_param18 1.0 kg0.00185185 kg
Product flow A:Agriculture, forestry and fishing / 01:Crop and animal production, hunting and related service activities / 016:Support activities to agriculture and post-harvest crop activities / 0161:Support activities for crop production 0.0167 kg0.0167 kg
Product flow C:Manufacturing / 20:Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products / 201:Manufacture of basic chemicals, fertilizers and nitrogen compounds, plastics and synthetic rubber in primary forms / 2012:Manufacture of fertilizers and nitrogen compounds 0.0167 kg0.0167 kg
Product flow C:Manufacturing / 20:Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products / 202:Manufacture of other chemical products / 2021:Manufacture of pesticides and other agrochemical products 4.05E-4 kg4.05E-4 kg
Product flow 9.26E-7 kg9.26E-7 kg
Product flow 6.85E-6 kg6.85E-6 kg
Product flow temp_olca_param19 1.0 kg0.00760838745333333 kg
Product flow 0.00126 kg0.00126 kg
Product flow 3.7E-5 kg3.7E-5 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / resource / land temp_olca_param20 1.0 m2*a3.7037 m2*a
Elementary flow Elementary flows / resource / land temp_olca_param21 1.0 m23.7037 m2
Elementary flow Elementary flows / resource / in air temp_olca_param22 1.0 kg1.39109924184 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / resource / biotic 20.5 MJ20.5 MJ
Elementary flow Elementary flows / resource / land temp_olca_param28 1.0 m23.13184872 m2
Elementary flow Elementary flows / resource / land temp_olca_param30 1.0 m20.57185128 m2

Outputs

Type of flow Classification Flow Variable Mean amount Resulting amount Minimum amount Maximum amount
Product flow temp_olca_param16 1.0 kg1.0 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / air / low population density temp_olca_param23 1.0 kg7.42261677490667E-5 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / air / low population density temp_olca_param24 1.0 kg2.19418388007229E-4 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / air / low population density temp_olca_param25 1.0 kg7.02650921343637E-4 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / water / ground water temp_olca_param26 1.0 kg0.0161981613872 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / water / ground water 0.0 kg0.0 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / water / surface water temp_olca_param27 1.0 kg1.047110064E-4 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / soil / agricultural 0.0 kg0.0 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / soil / agricultural 3.67E-6 kg3.67E-6 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / soil / agricultural 7.49E-6 kg7.49E-6 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / soil / agricultural 0.0 kg0.0 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / soil / agricultural 3.61E-7 kg3.61E-7 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / water / surface water 0.0 kg0.0 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / water / surface water 3.67E-10 kg3.67E-10 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / water / surface water 7.49E-10 kg7.49E-10 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / water / surface water 0.0 kg0.0 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / water / surface water 3.67E-11 kg3.67E-11 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / soil / agricultural 2.78E-4 kg2.78E-4 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / soil / agricultural 1.11E-5 kg1.11E-5 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / soil / agricultural 7.83E-6 kg7.83E-6 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / soil / agricultural 8.67E-6 kg8.67E-6 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / soil / agricultural 1.39E-5 kg1.39E-5 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / soil / agricultural 5.06E-5 kg5.06E-5 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / soil / agricultural 1.25E-5 kg1.25E-5 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / soil / agricultural 0.00126 kg0.00126 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / soil / agricultural 1.85E-5 kg1.85E-5 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / soil / agricultural 3.7E-6 kg3.7E-6 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / air / low population density temp_olca_param29 1.0 kg0.158 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / water / surface water 9.26E-11 kg9.26E-11 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / water / surface water 6.85E-10 kg6.85E-10 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / soil / agricultural 9.26E-7 kg9.26E-7 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / soil / agricultural 6.85E-6 kg6.85E-6 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / air / low population density temp_olca_param31 1.0 kg5.82303944444444E-6 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / air / low population density temp_olca_param32 1.0 kg7.94237888888889E-6 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / air / low population density temp_olca_param33 1.0 kg0.0237381688544 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / air / low population density temp_olca_param34 1.0 kg7.68447132786666E-6 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / air / low population density temp_olca_param35 1.0 kg0.0 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / air / low population density temp_olca_param36 1.0 kg9.8148198148E-7 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / air / low population density temp_olca_param37 1.0 kg5.55412284093333E-8 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / air / low population density temp_olca_param38 1.0 kg7.60838745333333E-11 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / air / low population density temp_olca_param39 1.0 kg3.80419372666667E-10 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / air / low population density temp_olca_param40 1.0 kg1.29342586706667E-8 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / air / low population density temp_olca_param41 1.0 kg5.32587121733333E-10 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / air / low population density temp_olca_param42 1.0 kg7.60838745333333E-9 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / air / low population density temp_olca_param43 1.0 kg2.282516236E-10 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / air / low population density temp_olca_param44 1.0 kg7.60838745333333E-11 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / air / low population density temp_olca_param45 1.0 kg2.50315947214667E-8 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / air / low population density 1.09337E-5 kg1.09337E-5 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / air / low population density 1.39109924184 kg1.39109924184 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / soil / agricultural 0.0 kg0.0 kg
Elementary flow Elementary flows / water / surface water 0.0 kg0.0 kg