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Process Data set: Machining of aluminimum parts (en) en

A more recent version of this data set exists in the database.

Most recent version of this data set:00.00.081

Key Data Set Information
Location BR
Geographical representativeness description Sorocaba city and region of the São Paulo State of Brazil.
Reference year 2019
Name
Machining of aluminimum parts
General comment on data set This dataset covers all relevant input and output flows of the represented gate-to-gate unit process. The inventory is mainly based on industry data and, where necessary, complemented by secondary data. The reference flow is 1s of manufacturing processing time, and all inputs and outputs are normalized for each second of the machine operation. The inventory flows were parametrized for the different operation modes (start up, stand by, full load and shut down) of the machine tool.
Copyright No
Owner of data set
Quantitative reference
Reference flow(s)
Time representativeness
Data set valid until 2019
Time representativeness description The temporal scope of all inventory data corresponds to the average data for the 01 year of measurements during 2019/20.
Technological representativeness
Technology description including background system Current technology using for the machining process. The process has high automation level, and the values ​​for the inputs and outputs were calculated as the average values between two machining centers that were studied. The first one is a machine tool built in 2011 and the second one is a 2018's technology. Both machining centers were studied in four modes of operation: Startup (the equipment is warming-up waiting for the machining cycle to start, but no operation is taking place); Standby (the equipment has completed a machining cycle and is waiting for the removal of the finished product and insertion of the raw material to start a new cycle); Full load (the equipment is performing the machining, chip is being removed; Shut down (the equipment has finished the day production demand and will be shut down). During the production cycle in full load mode different machining methods are performed. The machining methods performed by the machining centers are: Milling, Boring, Drilling; Threading. Also, the subunits of the machining centers covered are: Primary system (lighting, computers and sensors start-up, hydraulic unit); Spindle; Toolholder; Refrigeration system; Exhaust system; and Chip conveyor.
Mathematical model
Variable / parameter Formula Mean value Minimum value Maximum value Uncertainty distribution type Relative StdDev in % General comment
Time_total time_Full_load +time_Shutdown +time_Standby +time_Startup 4.0 % seconds (s)
Elect_Consum_Shutdown 0.00333 % Corresponds to energy consumption during the Shutdown process in kwh/s
Aluminium_consum_Total aluminium_consum *Time_Full_load 0.0539 % kg per cycle
tool_wear_start 0.00509 % Refers to the amount of machining tool that is placed before the process in units/s
waste_water 1.0E-4 % Corresponds to the amount of effluent that leaves the machining process in liters/s
alumiun_chips 0.00205 % Corresponds to the amount of chip removed from machining in Kg / s
recovered_sintetic_fluid 0.00204 % Refers the amount of cutting fluid recovered after machining in kg/s
Aluminium_parts_total aluminium_parts *Time_Full_load 0.0518 % kg per cycle
aluminium_consum 0.0539 % Corresponds to the entrance of aluminum tubes for the machining process in Kg/s
Consum_Total_Electricity (Elect_Consum_Full_load *Time_Full_load + Elect_Consum_Shutdown *Time_Shutdown +Elect_Consum_Standby *Time_Standby +Elect_Consum_Startup *Time_Startup ) 0.016239999999999997 % electricity per cycle
aluminium_parts 0.0518 % Represents the amount of everything machined in Kg / s
Elect_Consum_Full_load 0.00625 % Corresponds to energy consumption during the Full load process in kwh/s
Elect_Consum_Startup 0.00336 % Corresponds to energy consumption during the process of starting the machine in Kwh/s
Recovered_sintetic_fluid_total recovered_sintetic_fluid *Time_Full_load 0.00204 % kg per cycle
Waste_water_total waste_water *Time_Full_load 1.0E-4 % litros per cycle
Time_Startup 1.0 % Corresponds to the total time to start the machine in seconds (s)
Alumiun_chips_total alumiun_chips *Time_Full_load 0.00205 % kg per cycle
tool_wear_reuse 0.00503 % Refers to the amount of machining tool that is used after the process in units/s
Time_Shutdown 1.0 % Corresponds to the total machine shutdown time in seconds (s)
Sintetic_fluid_consum 0.02045 % Refers the amount of cutting fluid consumed during machining in Kg/s
Time_Standby 1.0 % Corresponds to the total machine wait time in seconds (s)
Elect_Consum_Standby 0.0033 % Corresponds to energy consumption during the machine waiting process in Kwh/s
Time_Full_load 1.0 % Corresponds to the total time of full load mode or machine operation in seconds (s)
Tool_wear_waste_total (tool_wear_start - tool_wear_reuse )*time_Full_load 6.000000000000016E-5 % units per cycle
compressed_air_consum 0.001 % Refers to compressed air consumption in Nm3 / s
Compressed_air_consum_total compressed_air_consum *Time_Full_load 0.001 % Nm3 per cycle
Sintetic_fluid_consum_total Sintetic_fluid_consum *Time_Full_load 0.02045 % kg per cycle
Tool_wear_start_total tool_wear_start *time_Full_load 0.00509 % itnes per cycle
gd_price_waste 0.5 % This parameter was added by GreenDelta during the implementation of the ecoinvent database in openLCA. It is used by those exchanges which did not have a price specified by ecoinvent for being wastes (i.e. negative reference product), and that were considered that they should have a cost/revenue specified. The prices used for them, equal to the prices of the same product in other processes of the database, are modified by this parameter with value 0.5 (i.e. half the price of the normal product), considering that the reference product of a waste treatment process might have a lower price in reality than the same flow produced by a production process. However, you can modify this value to 0 if you prefer to consider no price for them like ecoinvent, or also 1 if you do not want to distinguish wastes from other products.
gd_price_product 1.0 % This parameter was added by GreenDelta during the implementation of the ecoinvent database in openLCA. It is used by those exchanges which did not have a price specified by ecoinvent and that were considered to be products or co-products of waste treatments (i.e. positive reference product), and that they should have a cost/revenue specified. The prices used for them, equal to the prices of the same product in other processes of the database, are modified by this parameter with value 1. However, you can modify this value to 0 if you prefer to consider no price for them like ecoinvent.
ei_price_product 1.0 % This parameter was added by GreenDelta during the implementation of the ecoinvent database in openLCA. It is used by those exchanges which did not have a price specified by ecoinvent in this specific system model, but yes in at least one of the other two system models. The prices used for them, equal to the prices of the same product and provider in the other system model, are modified by this parameter with value 1. However, you can modify this value to 0 if you prefer to consider no price for them in this system model like ecoinvent.
temp_olca_param31 aluminium_parts_total 0.0518 %
temp_olca_param32 alumiun_chips_total 0.00205 %
temp_olca_param33 tool_wear_start_total 0.00509 %
temp_olca_param34 recovered_sintetic_fluid_total 0.00204 %
temp_olca_param35 waste_water_total 1.0E-4 %
temp_olca_param36 compressed_air_consum_total 0.001 %
temp_olca_param37 tool_wear_waste_total 6.000000000000016E-5 %
temp_olca_param38 aluminium_consum_Total 0.0539 %
temp_olca_param39 sintetic_fluid_consum_total 0.02045 %
temp_olca_param40 consum_Total_Electricity 0.016239999999999997 %
LCI method and allocation
Type of data set Unit process, black box
LCI Method Principle Other
Deviation from LCI method principle / explanations Attributional method
Modelling constants No allocation rules were used for this dataset, as well as any of the transportation activities for the inputs. This is a G2G product system type.
Data sources, treatment and representativeness
Data cut-off and completeness principles Input flows with less than 1% mass representativeness were disregarded from the system boundaries. Emissions from treated air and heat represent low relevance due to their volume per functional unit (1 second of processing).
Deviation from data cut-off and completeness principles / explanations None.
Data selection and combination principles Primary data were collected for the machining production system. See 'Geography' and 'Technology' scopes for more details.
Deviation from data selection and combination principles / explanations None.
Data treatment and extrapolations principles All the input/output data were converted to the functional unit of 1s of manufacturing operation by using the UPLCI methodology developed by Kellens et al. (2012a,b). All the collected input/output flows followed the "in-depth assessment" approach proposed by the UPLCI methodology.
Data source(s) used for this data set
Sampling procedure Average data for historical series of data from 2019/20. All the primary data were 'in loco' mesuared, or calculated based on reports of consumptions of resources and emissions at the shop-floor area assuming 02 different representative machines for aluminium parts in the region of this study.
Data collection period See 'Time' scope for more details.
Completeness
Completeness of product model No statement
Commissioner and goal
Project FIRMINO, Alessandro S. Green Manufacturing: Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida de Processos de Usinagem de Tubos de Alumínio. 106 f. – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, campus Sorocaba, Sorocaba, 2020
Intended applications This process LCI can be used for any types of LCA studies in the area of manufacturing processes.
Data generator
Data set generator / modeller
Data entry by
Time stamp (last saved) 2023-03-28T19:45:32.383-03:00
Data set format(s)
Data entry by
Publication and ownership
UUID 9adf87ee-b425-4827-8a47-9f571e6a9449
Date of last revision 2023-03-28T19:43:39.552-03:00
Data set version 00.00.056
Unchanged re-publication of
Owner of data set
Copyright No
Access and use restrictions The data set can be used free of charge by anybody to perform LCA studies, to distribute it to third parties, to convert it to other LCA formats, to develop own data sets, etc.

Inputs

Type of flow Classification Flow Variable Mean amount Resulting amount Minimum amount Maximum amount
Product flow
Ecoinvent cut-off S copy temp_olca_param38 1.0 kg0.0539 kg
General comment The final product (workpiece) is manufactured from cast aluminum as raw material.
Product flow
Energy carriers and technologies / Mechanical energy temp_olca_param36 1.0 m30.001 m3
General comment Compressed air used by the machine tool during the machining process in full load mode.
Product flow
temp_olca_param39 1.0 kg0.02045 kg
General comment The composition of this cutting fluid was a mixture between an oil based on mineral oil (12%) and water (88%).
Product flow
Energy carriers and technologies / Electricity temp_olca_param40 1.0 MJ58.46399999999999 MJ
General comment Total electric energy consumed by the machine tool over the four production modes.
Product flow
temp_olca_param33 1.0 Item(s)0.00509 Item(s)
General comment Corresponds to the wear tool used by the machines to perform the machining.

Outputs

Type of flow Classification Flow Variable Mean amount Resulting amount Minimum amount Maximum amount
Product flow
temp_olca_param31 1.0 kg0.0518 kg
General comment The total amount of aluminum workpieces (output) after the machining process.
Waste flow
temp_olca_param32 1.0 kg0.00205 kg
General comment Represents the amount of aluminum chips removed from the machining process.
Product flow
temp_olca_param34 1.0 kg0.00204 kg
General comment Represents the recovery of the cutting fluid (based on mineral oil and water) after the machining process.
Waste flow
temp_olca_param37 1.0 Item(s)6.000000000000016E-5 Item(s)
General comment Corresponds to the amount of the wear tool that was consumed by the machining process.
Waste flow
temp_olca_param35 1.0 kg1.0E-4 kg
General comment Represents the wastewater generated in the machining process for cleaning the machine.