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Process Data set: Injection moulding process, at plant, for industrial use with recycled polymers, BR 2020 (en) en

Key Data Set Information
Location BR
Geographical representativeness description Sorocaba city and region of the São Paulo State of Brazil.
Reference year 2018
Name
Injection moulding process, at plant, for industrial use with recycled polymers, BR 2020
Classification
Class name : Hierarchy level
  • ILCD: Manufacturing processes
General comment on data set This dataset covers all relevant input and output flows of the represented gate-to-gate unit process. The inventory is mainly based on industry data and, where necessary, complemented by secondary data. The reference flow is a batch of injected parts (lot size = 7 parts as baseline), and all inputs and outputs are normalized for each batch produced on the machine operation. The inventory flows were parametrized for the different operation modes (heating, stand by, loading/cleaning, injection, pelletizing) of the machine tool.
Copyright No
Owner of data set
Quantitative reference
Reference flow(s)
Time representativeness
Data set valid until 2019
Time representativeness description The temporal scope of all inventory data corresponds to the average data for the 01 year of measurements during 2018/19.
Technological representativeness
Technology description including background system Current technology using for the injection process. The process of pelletising the material (e.g., ABS) at the end of the extrusion process and the injection moulding process to produce a number of parts (batch = 7 parts as baseline). The injection was divided into the following modes of operation: - Stand-by: when the equipment is not operating but it is on. - Heating: the period when the equipment has its heating system ready to reach the ideal working temperature. - Loading/Cleaning: the process carried out at the beginning of the operation, responsible for filling the injection system and removing the residual material that may be inside the machine. - Injection: this mode of operation consists of the injection process itself where the material is injected into the mould and ejected as a finished part.
Mathematical model
Variable / parameter Formula Mean value Minimum value Maximum value Uncertainty distribution type Relative StdDev in % General comment
Pelletizing_mode (-9E-9*NP ^3)+(1E-5*NP ^2)+(0.0042*NP)+0.358 0.387886913 % electricity per batch, in Wh
Standby_mode 78.87*NP^-1 11.267142857142858 % electricity per batch, in Wh
NP 7.0 % Number of parts to be injected
Injection_mode 23.0 % electricity per batch, in Wh
Load_clean_mode 138.09*NP^-1 19.727142857142855 % electricity per batch, in Wh
ABS_chips_total 194.19*NP^-0.88 35.038103125507796 % Corresponds to the amount of ABS chip wasted, in g per batch
Consum_Total_Electricity Load_clean_mode +heating_mode +injection_mode +standby_mode +pelletizing_mode 120.62360119871428 % electricity per batch, in Wh
Heating_mode 463.69*NP^-1 66.24142857142857 % electricity per batch, in Wh
ABS_consum_Total 66.542*NP^-0.284 38.29023278193751 % Corresponds to the entrance of ABS as raw material for the injection process, in g per batch
gd_price_waste 0.5 % This parameter was added by GreenDelta during the implementation of the ecoinvent database in openLCA. It is used by those exchanges which did not have a price specified by ecoinvent for being wastes (i.e. negative reference product), and that were considered that they should have a cost/revenue specified. The prices used for them, equal to the prices of the same product in other processes of the database, are modified by this parameter with value 0.5 (i.e. half the price of the normal product), considering that the reference product of a waste treatment process might have a lower price in reality than the same flow produced by a production process. However, you can modify this value to 0 if you prefer to consider no price for them like ecoinvent, or also 1 if you do not want to distinguish wastes from other products.
gd_price_product 1.0 % This parameter was added by GreenDelta during the implementation of the ecoinvent database in openLCA. It is used by those exchanges which did not have a price specified by ecoinvent and that were considered to be products or co-products of waste treatments (i.e. positive reference product), and that they should have a cost/revenue specified. The prices used for them, equal to the prices of the same product in other processes of the database, are modified by this parameter with value 1. However, you can modify this value to 0 if you prefer to consider no price for them like ecoinvent.
ei_price_product 1.0 % This parameter was added by GreenDelta during the implementation of the ecoinvent database in openLCA. It is used by those exchanges which did not have a price specified by ecoinvent in this specific system model, but yes in at least one of the other two system models. The prices used for them, equal to the prices of the same product and provider in the other system model, are modified by this parameter with value 1. However, you can modify this value to 0 if you prefer to consider no price for them in this system model like ecoinvent.
Heavy_metal_uptake 1.0 % Take the heavy metal emissions into account? Yes = "1", "no" = "0" (If the heavy metals direct emissions are included, put the value to "1". If the heavy metals direct emissions are excluded, put the value to "0".)
LUC_crop_specific 1.0 % Approach for LUC: If the approach is "Crop specific", put the value to "1". If the approach is "Shared responsability", put the value to "0"
temp_olca_param14 NP 7.0 %
temp_olca_param15 abs_chips_total 35.038103125507796 %
temp_olca_param16 abS_consum_Total 38.29023278193751 %
temp_olca_param17 Consum_Total_Electricity 120.62360119871428 %
LCI method and allocation
Type of data set Unit process, black box
LCI Method Principle Other
Deviation from LCI method principle / explanations Attributional method
Modelling constants No allocation rules were used for this dataset, as well as any of the transportation activities for the inputs. This is a G2G product system type.
Data sources, treatment and representativeness
Data cut-off and completeness principles Input flows with less than 1% mass representativeness were disregarded from the system boundaries.
Deviation from data cut-off and completeness principles / explanations None.
Data selection and combination principles Primary data were collected for the invejection moulding production system. See 'Geography' and 'Technology' scopes for more details.
Deviation from data selection and combination principles / explanations None.
Data treatment and extrapolations principles All the input/output data were converted to the functional unit by using the UPLCI methodology developed by Kellens et al. (2012a,b). All the collected input/output flows followed the "in-depth assessment" approach proposed by the UPLCI methodology.
Data source(s) used for this data set
Sampling procedure Average data for historical series of data from 2018/19. All the primary data were 'in loco' mesuared, or calculated based on reports of consumptions of resources and emissions at the shop-floor area in the region of this study.
Data collection period See 'Time' scope for more details.
Completeness
Completeness of product model No statement
Commissioner and goal
Project GARCIA, FABRICIO LEON. Comparação entre moldagem por injeção e a manufatura aditiva utilizando materiais poliméricos reciclados: um estudo de ACV. Universidade Federal de São Carlos, campus Sorocaba, Sorocaba, 2018. 105 f.
Intended applications This process LCI can be used for any types of LCA studies in the area of manufacturing processes.
Data generator
Data set generator / modeller
Data entry by
Time stamp (last saved) 2023-02-09T10:27:08.644-02:00
Data set format(s)
Data entry by
Publication and ownership
UUID 9adf87ee-b425-4827-8a47-9f571e6a9449
Date of last revision 2022-12-27T13:45:53.523-02:00
Data set version 00.00.081
Unchanged re-publication of
Owner of data set
Copyright No
Access and use restrictions The data set can be used free of charge by anybody to perform LCA studies, to distribute it to third parties, to convert it to other LCA formats, to develop own data sets, etc.

Inputs

Type of flow Classification Flow Variable Mean amount Resulting amount Minimum amount Maximum amount
Product flow
Energy carriers and technologies / Electricity temp_olca_param17 1.0 MJ0.4342449643153714 MJ
General comment Total electric energy consumed by the machine tool over the five production modes.
Product flow C:Manufacturing / 20:Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products / 201:Manufacture of basic chemicals, fertilizers and nitrogen compounds, plastics and synthetic rubber in primary forms / 2013:Manufacture of plastics and synthetic rubber in primary forms temp_olca_param16 1.0 kg38.29023278193751 kg

Outputs

Type of flow Classification Flow Variable Mean amount Resulting amount Minimum amount Maximum amount
Product flow
temp_olca_param14 1.0 kg7.0 kg
General comment The total amount of aluminum workpieces (output) after the machining process.
Waste flow
E:Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities / 38:Waste collection, treatment and disposal activities; materials recovery / 382:Waste treatment and disposal / 3821:Treatment and disposal of non-hazardous waste temp_olca_param15 1.0 kg35.038103125507796 kg
General comment Represents the amount of ABS chips wasted from the injection process.