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Comentário geral Type of process: ordinary transforming activity; Parent relation Ecospold2: none; Tags: combined production; Combined Production; ; Macroeconomic Scenario: Business-as-Usual; This dataset represents the Brazilian offshore production of petroleum and natural gas. In Brazilian production fields, 96% of petroleum and 80% of natural gas production takes place offshore, while the remaining quantities are produced onshore (ANP, 2019). After the exploration phase and drilling, oil and gas are moved to either fixed or anchored platforms by means of a pump. It can be assumed that data represent the average for production in Brazilian post and pre-salt fields.
Brazilian national statistics was used to re-contextualize the ‘petroleum and gas production, off-shore’ dataset for the Norwegian region, valid for the year of 2000, available in database version 3.6. The adapted parameters were the petroleum and natural gas production yields, as well as the amount of flaring, venting, natural gas consumed in turbines and produced water. The weighted parts of ethane, butane etc. of the produced gas have been used to break down NMVOC emissions in their different parts.
This dataset was developed under the Cornerstone project, an initiative from the Brazilian Business Network on Life cycle Assessment (Rede ACV) in collaboration with ecoinvent to increase the quantity and quality of inventories that represent Brazil, through a thorough adaptation of the datasets. More information about this project is available in redeacv.org.br/en/wg-database. Technical background is provided in Valebona F.; Rocha T.B.; Motta F. L. Cornerstone Project. Recontextualization of Datasets: Methodology. ACV Brasil, Brazil.
Reference:
Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (2019). Anuário Estatístico 2019.
Available at: www.anp.gov.br/publicacoes/anuario-estatistico/5237-anuario-estatistico-2019.
Accessed in 04/06/2020.
; Annual prod. waste wood, untreated:1031718.0186179kg; Annual prod. waste mineral oil:5319532.4815524kg; Annual prod. spent antifreezer liquid:14499.5738706444kg; Annual prod. low level radioactive waste:22382.9396845661m3; Annual prod. hazardous waste, for underground deposit:6406772.11016405kg; Annual prod. municipal solid waste:4736906.97921299kg; Annual prod. waste emulsion paint:63955.2722712734kg
Comment for [variable] waste_NG_sweet: Amount of flared gas calculated according to national statistics.
The combined amount of Flaring and Losses (1.23E+9 m³) informed by ANP (2019) for the year 2018 is used to estimate the amount of flared and vented natural gas. The share of vented natural gas is estimated using the amount of fugitive methane emitted during exploration and production activities in 2012 (112,261,860 kg - MCTI, 2015). Considering that all methane fugitive emissions are due to venting, the final amount of vented natural gas in 2012 is calculated with the natural gas composition (0.73%vol of methane; compiled from anp.gov.br/dados-estatisticos). Thereby, the calculated amount of vented natural gas in 2012 is 2.15E+8 m³, which corresponds to 15% of the combined Flaring and Losses statistics for 2012. This calculated share was used to split the amount flared and vented natural gas in offshore production for 2018, respectively 1.05E+9 m³ and 1.83E+8 m³.
References:
[ANP 2019] Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (2019). Anuário Estatístico 2019. Available at: www.anp.gov.br/publicacoes/anuario-estatistico/5237-anuario-estatistico-2019. Accessed in 04/06/2020.
[MCTI 2015]
Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (2015). Third Brazilian Inventory of Anthropic Emissions and Removals of Greenhouse Gases. Reference Reports. Energy Sector. Fugitive Emissions of Green House Gases in the Oil and Gas Industry. Petrobras e Centro de Estudos Integrados sobre Meio Ambiente e Mudanças Climáticas - Centro Clima/COPPE/UFRJ. Available at: https://sirene.mctic.gov.br/portal/opencms/textoGeral/2018/10/11/Relatorios_de_Referencia_do_II_Inventario_Brasileiro_de_Emissoes_e_Remocoes_Antropicas_de_Gases_de_Efeito_Estufa.html. Accessed in: 12/06/2020.
; Annual prod. waste natural gas, sweet:40884674400MJ
Comment for waste natural gas, sweet: Amount of flared gas calculated according to national statistics.
The combined amount of Flaring and Losses (1.23E+9 m³) informed by ANP (2019) for the year 2018 is used to estimate the amount of flared and vented natural gas. The share of vented natural gas is estimated using the amount of fugitive methane emitted during exploration and production activities in 2012 (112,261,860 kg - MCTI, 2015). Considering that all methane fugitive emissions are due to venting, the final amount of vented natural gas in 2012 is calculated with the natural gas composition (0.73%vol of methane; compiled from anp.gov.br/dados-estatisticos). Thereby, the calculated amount of vented natural gas in 2012 is 2.15E+8 m³, which corresponds to 15% of the combined Flaring and Losses statistics for 2012. This calculated share was used to split the amount flared and vented natural gas in offshore production for 2018, respectively 1.05E+9 m³ and 1.83E+8 m³.
References:
[ANP 2019] Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (2019). Anuário Estatístico 2019. Available at: www.anp.gov.br/publicacoes/anuario-estatistico/5237-anuario-estatistico-2019. Accessed in 04/06/2020.
[MCTI 2015]
Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (2015). Third Brazilian Inventory of Anthropic Emissions and Removals of Greenhouse Gases. Reference Reports. Energy Sector. Fugitive Emissions of Green House Gases in the Oil and Gas Industry. Petrobras e Centro de Estudos Integrados sobre Meio Ambiente e Mudanças Climáticas - Centro Clima/COPPE/UFRJ. Available at: https://sirene.mctic.gov.br/portal/opencms/textoGeral/2018/10/11/Relatorios_de_Referencia_do_II_Inventario_Brasileiro_de_Emissoes_e_Remocoes_Antropicas_de_Gases_de_Efeito_Estufa.html. Accessed in: 12/06/2020.
; Calculated according to Brazilian national statistics.
Comment for [variable] propane: The volume of fugitive emissions is calculated from the amount of fugitive methane emitted during exploration and production activities in 2012 (112261860 kg - MCTI, 2015). This value is scaled according to the amount of Flaring and Losses informed by ANP (2019) for the years 2012 (1444.5E+06 m³) and 2018 (1358,2E+06 m³). Then, the share of propane is calculated based on natural gas composition (6.4 vol% - compiled from anp.gov.br/dados-estatisticos).
The considered gas densities are 0.71 kg/m³ of methane; and 2.01 kg/m³ of propane.
References:
[ANP 2019] Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (2019). Anuário Estatístico 2019. Available at: www.anp.gov.br/publicacoes/anuario-estatistico/5237-anuario-estatistico-2019. Accessed in 04/06/2020.
[MCTI 2015]
Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (2015). Third Brazilian Inventory of Anthropic Emissions and Removals of Greenhouse Gases. Reference Reports. Energy Sector. Fugitive Emissions of Green House Gases in the Oil and Gas Industry. Petrobras e Centro de Estudos Integrados sobre Meio Ambiente e Mudanças Climáticas - Centro Clima/COPPE/UFRJ. Available at: https://sirene.mctic.gov.br/portal/opencms/textoGeral/2018/10/11/Relatorios_de_Referencia_do_II_Inventario_Brasileiro_de_Emissoes_e_Remocoes_Antropicas_de_Gases_de_Efeito_Estufa.html. Accessed in: 12/06/2020.
Comment for [variable] propane_amount_MO_kg: The volume of fugitive emissions is calculated from the amount of fugitive methane emitted during exploration and production activities in 2012 (112261860 kg - MCTI, 2015). This value is scaled according to the amount of Flaring and Losses informed by ANP (2019) for the years 2012 (1444.5E+06 m³) and 2018 (1358,2E+06 m³). Then, the share of propane is calculated based on natural gas composition (6.4 vol% - compiled from anp.gov.br/dados-estatisticos). 91% of the Flaring and Losses emissions reported for 2018 corresponds to offshore production (ANP, 2019).
The considered gas densities are 0.71 kg/m³ of methane; and 2.01 kg/m³ of propane.
References:
[ANP 2019] Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (2019). Anuário Estatístico 2019. Available at: www.anp.gov.br/publicacoes/anuario-estatistico/5237-anuario-estatistico-2019. Accessed in 04/06/2020.
[MCTI 2015]
Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (2015). Third Brazilian Inventory of Anthropic Emissions and Removals of Greenhouse Gases. Reference Reports. Energy Sector. Fugitive Emissions of Green House Gases in the Oil and Gas Industry. Petrobras e Centro de Estudos Integrados sobre Meio Ambiente e Mudanças Climáticas - Centro Clima/COPPE/UFRJ. Available at: https://sirene.mctic.gov.br/portal/opencms/textoGeral/2018/10/11/Relatorios_de_Referencia_do_II_Inventario_Brasileiro_de_Emissoes_e_Remocoes_Antropicas_de_Gases_de_Efeito_Estufa.html. Accessed in: 12/06/2020.
Comment for propane: The volume of fugitive emissions is calculated from the amount of fugitive methane emitted during exploration and production activities in 2012 (112261860 kg - MCTI, 2015). This value is scaled according to the amount of Flaring and Losses informed by ANP (2019) for the years 2012 (1444.5E+06 m³) and 2018 (1358,2E+06 m³). Then, the share of propane is calculated based on natural gas composition (6.4 vol% - compiled from anp.gov.br/dados-estatisticos).
The considered gas densities are 0.71 kg/m³ of methane; and 2.01 kg/m³ of propane.
References:
[ANP 2019] Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (2019). Anuário Estatístico 2019. Available at: www.anp.gov.br/publicacoes/anuario-estatistico/5237-anuario-estatistico-2019. Accessed in 04/06/2020.
[MCTI 2015]
Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (2015). Third Brazilian Inventory of Anthropic Emissions and Removals of Greenhouse Gases. Reference Reports. Energy Sector. Fugitive Emissions of Green House Gases in the Oil and Gas Industry. Petrobras e Centro de Estudos Integrados sobre Meio Ambiente e Mudanças Climáticas - Centro Clima/COPPE/UFRJ. Available at: https://sirene.mctic.gov.br/portal/opencms/textoGeral/2018/10/11/Relatorios_de_Referencia_do_II_Inventario_Brasileiro_de_Emissoes_e_Remocoes_Antropicas_de_Gases_de_Efeito_Estufa.html. Accessed in: 12/06/2020.; Calculated according to national statistics.
Comment for [variable] butane: The volume of fugitive emissions is calculated from the amount of fugitive methane emitted during exploration and production activities in 2012 (112261860 kg - MCTI, 2015). This value is scaled according to the amount of Flaring and Losses informed by ANP (2019) for the years 2012 (1444.5E+06 m³) and 2018 (1358,2E+06 m³). Then, the share of butane is calculated based on natural gas composition (2.1 vol% - compiled from anp.gov.br/dados-estatisticos).
The considered gas densities are 0.71 kg/m³ of methane; and 2.67 kg/m³ of butane.
References:
[ANP 2019] Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (2019). Anuário Estatístico 2019. Available at: www.anp.gov.br/publicacoes/anuario-estatistico/5237-anuario-estatistico-2019. Accessed in 04/06/2020.
[MCTI 2015]
Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (2015). Third Brazilian Inventory of Anthropic Emissions and Removals of Greenhouse Gases. Reference Reports. Energy Sector. Fugitive Emissions of Green House Gases in the Oil and Gas Industry. Petrobras e Centro de Estudos Integrados sobre Meio Ambiente e Mudanças Climáticas - Centro Clima/COPPE/UFRJ. Available at: https://sirene.mctic.gov.br/portal/opencms/textoGeral/2018/10/11/Relatorios_de_Referencia_do_II_Inventario_Brasileiro_de_Emissoes_e_Remocoes_Antropicas_de_Gases_de_Efeito_Estufa.html. Accessed in: 12/06/2020.
Comment for [variable] butane_amount_MO_kg: The volume of fugitive emissions is calculated from the amount of fugitive methane emitted during exploration and production activities in 2012 (112261860 kg - MCTI, 2015). This value is scaled according to the amount of Flaring and Losses informed by ANP (2019) for the years 2012 (1444.5E+06 m³) and 2018 (1358,2E+06 m³). Then, the share of butane is calculated based on natural gas composition (2.1 vol% - compiled from anp.gov.br/dados-estatisticos). 91% of the Flaring and Losses emissions reported for 2018 corresponds to offshore production (ANP, 2019).
The considered gas densities are 0.71 kg/m³ of methane; and 2.67 kg/m³ of butane.
References:
[ANP 2019] Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (2019). Anuário Estatístico 2019. Available at: www.anp.gov.br/publicacoes/anuario-estatistico/5237-anuario-estatistico-2019. Accessed in 04/06/2020.
[MCTI 2015]
Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (2015). Third Brazilian Inventory of Anthropic Emissions and Removals of Greenhouse Gases. Reference Reports. Energy Sector. Fugitive Emissions of Green House Gases in the Oil and Gas Industry. Petrobras e Centro de Estudos Integrados sobre Meio Ambiente e Mudanças Climáticas - Centro Clima/COPPE/UFRJ. Available at: https://sirene.mctic.gov.br/portal/opencms/textoGeral/2018/10/11/Relatorios_de_Referencia_do_II_Inventario_Brasileiro_de_Emissoes_e_Remocoes_Antropicas_de_Gases_de_Efeito_Estufa.html. Accessed in: 12/06/2020.
Comment for n-butane: The volume of fugitive emissions is calculated from the amount of fugitive methane emitted during exploration and production activities in 2012 (112261860 kg - MCTI, 2015). This value is scaled according to the amount of Flaring and Losses informed by ANP (2019) for the years 2012 (1444.5E+06 m³) and 2018 (1358,2E+06 m³). Then, the share of butane is calculated based on natural gas composition (2.1 vol% - compiled from anp.gov.br/dados-estatisticos).
The considered gas densities are 0.71 kg/m³ of methane; and 2.67 kg/m³ of butane.
References:
[ANP 2019] Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (2019). Anuário Estatístico 2019. Available at: www.anp.gov.br/publicacoes/anuario-estatistico/5237-anuario-estatistico-2019. Accessed in 04/06/2020.
[MCTI 2015]
Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (2015). Third Brazilian Inventory of Anthropic Emissions and Removals of Greenhouse Gases. Reference Reports. Energy Sector. Fugitive Emissions of Green House Gases in the Oil and Gas Industry. Petrobras e Centro de Estudos Integrados sobre Meio Ambiente e Mudanças Climáticas - Centro Clima/COPPE/UFRJ. Available at: https://sirene.mctic.gov.br/portal/opencms/textoGeral/2018/10/11/Relatorios_de_Referencia_do_II_Inventario_Brasileiro_de_Emissoes_e_Remocoes_Antropicas_de_Gases_de_Efeito_Estufa.html. Accessed in: 12/06/2020.; Calculated based on national statistics.
Comment for [variable] ethane: The volume of fugitive emissions is calculated from the amount of fugitive methane emitted during exploration and production activities in 2012 (112261860 kg - MCTI, 2015). This value is scaled according to the amount of Flaring and Losses informed by ANP (2019) for the years 2012 (1444.5E+06 m³) and 2018 (1358,2E+06 m³). Then, the share of ethane is calculated based on natural gas composition (9.2 vol% - compiled from anp.gov.br/dados-estatisticos).
The considered gas densities are 0.71 kg/m³ of methane; and 1.34 kg/m³ of ethane.
References:
[ANP 2019] Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (2019). Anuário Estatístico 2019. Available at: www.anp.gov.br/publicacoes/anuario-estatistico/5237-anuario-estatistico-2019. Accessed in 04/06/2020.
[MCTI 2015]
Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (2015). Third Brazilian Inventory of Anthropic Emissions and Removals of Greenhouse Gases. Reference Reports. Energy Sector. Fugitive Emissions of Green House Gases in the Oil and Gas Industry. Petrobras e Centro de Estudos Integrados sobre Meio Ambiente e Mudanças Climáticas - Centro Clima/COPPE/UFRJ. Available at: https://sirene.mctic.gov.br/portal/opencms/textoGeral/2018/10/11/Relatorios_de_Referencia_do_II_Inventario_Brasileiro_de_Emissoes_e_Remocoes_Antropicas_de_Gases_de_Efeito_Estufa.html. Accessed in: 12/06/2020.
Comment for [variable] ethane_amount_MO_kg: The volume of fugitive emissions is calculated from the amount of fugitive methane emitted during exploration and production activities in 2012 (112261860 kg - MCTI, 2015). This value is scaled according to the amount of Flaring and Losses informed by ANP (2019) for the years 2012 (1444.5E+06 m³) and 2018 (1358,2E+06 m³). Then, the share of ethane is calculated based on natural gas composition (9.2 vol% - compiled from anp.gov.br/dados-estatisticos). 91% of the Flaring and Losses emissions reported for 2018 corresponds to offshore production (ANP, 2019).
The considered gas densities are 0.71 kg/m³ of methane; and 1.34 kg/m³ of ethane.
References:
[ANP 2019] Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (2019). Anuário Estatístico 2019. Available at: www.anp.gov.br/publicacoes/anuario-estatistico/5237-anuario-estatistico-2019. Accessed in 04/06/2020.
[MCTI 2015]
Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (2015). Third Brazilian Inventory of Anthropic Emissions and Removals of Greenhouse Gases. Reference Reports. Energy Sector. Fugitive Emissions of Green House Gases in the Oil and Gas Industry. Petrobras e Centro de Estudos Integrados sobre Meio Ambiente e Mudanças Climáticas - Centro Clima/COPPE/UFRJ. Available at: https://sirene.mctic.gov.br/portal/opencms/textoGeral/2018/10/11/Relatorios_de_Referencia_do_II_Inventario_Brasileiro_de_Emissoes_e_Remocoes_Antropicas_de_Gases_de_Efeito_Estufa.html. Accessed in: 12/06/2020.
Comment for ethane: The volume of fugitive emissions is calculated from the amount of fugitive methane emitted during exploration and production activities in 2012 (112261860 kg - MCTI, 2015). This value is scaled according to the amount of Flaring and Losses informed by ANP (2019) for the years 2012 (1444.5E+06 m³) and 2018 (1358,2E+06 m³). Then, the share of ethane is calculated based on natural gas composition (9.2 vol% - compiled from anp.gov.br/dados-estatisticos).
The considered gas densities are 0.71 kg/m³ of methane; and 1.34 kg/m³ of ethane.
References:
[ANP 2019] Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (2019). Anuário Estatístico 2019. Available at: www.anp.gov.br/publicacoes/anuario-estatistico/5237-anuario-estatistico-2019. Accessed in 04/06/2020.
[MCTI 2015]
Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (2015). Third Brazilian Inventory of Anthropic Emissions and Removals of Greenhouse Gases. Reference Reports. Energy Sector. Fugitive Emissions of Green House Gases in the Oil and Gas Industry. Petrobras e Centro de Estudos Integrados sobre Meio Ambiente e Mudanças Climáticas - Centro Clima/COPPE/UFRJ. Available at: https://sirene.mctic.gov.br/portal/opencms/textoGeral/2018/10/11/Relatorios_de_Referencia_do_II_Inventario_Brasileiro_de_Emissoes_e_Remocoes_Antropicas_de_Gases_de_Efeito_Estufa.html. Accessed in: 12/06/2020.; Calculated according to national statistics.
Comment for water, salt, sole: Water discharged. Total amount of produced water obtained from national statistics (anp.gov.br/dados-estatisticos).
Discharged fraction calculated with standard parameters from Schori (2012).
References:
[ANP 2020]
Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis. Satatistical data. Available at: anp.gov.br/dados-estatisticos
[Schori 2012]
Schori, S., Frischknecht, R. (2012). Life Cycle Inventory of Natural Gas Supply. ESU-services Ltd.
; Calculated according to national statistics, partly with standard factors.
Comment for sea water: Water reinjected. Total amount of produced water obtained from national statistics (anp.gov.br/dados-estatisticos).
Reinjected fraction calculated with standard parameters from Schori (2012).
References:
[ANP 2020]
Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis. Satatistical data. Available at: anp.gov.br/dados-estatisticos
[Schori 2012]
Schori, S., Frischknecht, R. (2012). Life Cycle Inventory of Natural Gas Supply. ESU-services Ltd.; Calculated according to national statistics, partly with standard factors.
Comment for [variable] CH4_fossil: The amount of fugitive methane emitted during exploration and production activities in 2012 (112261860 kg - MCTI, 2015) is scaled according to the amount of Flaring and Losses informed by ANP (2019) for the years 2012 (1444.5E+06 m³) and 2018 (1358,2E+06 m³).
References:
[ANP 2019] Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (2019). Anuário Estatístico 2019. Available at: www.anp.gov.br/publicacoes/anuario-estatistico/5237-anuario-estatistico-2019. Accessed in 04/06/2020.
[MCTI 2015]
Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (2015). Third Brazilian Inventory of Anthropic Emissions and Removals of Greenhouse Gases. Reference Reports. Energy Sector. Fugitive Emissions of Green House Gases in the Oil and Gas Industry. Petrobras e Centro de Estudos Integrados sobre Meio Ambiente e Mudanças Climáticas - Centro Clima/COPPE/UFRJ. Available at: https://sirene.mctic.gov.br/portal/opencms/textoGeral/2018/10/11/Relatorios_de_Referencia_do_II_Inventario_Brasileiro_de_Emissoes_e_Remocoes_Antropicas_de_Gases_de_Efeito_Estufa.html. Accessed in: 12/06/2020.
Comment for [variable] CH4_fossil_amount_MO_kg: The amount of fugitive methane emitted during exploration and production activities in 2012 (112261860 kg - MCTI, 2015) is scaled according to the amount of Flaring and Losses informed by ANP (2019) for the years 2012 (1444.5E+06 m³) and 2018 (1358,2E+06 m³). 91% of the Flaring and Losses emissions reported for 2018 corresponds to offshore production (ANP, 2019).
References:
[ANP 2019] Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (2019). Anuário Estatístico 2019. Available at: www.anp.gov.br/publicacoes/anuario-estatistico/5237-anuario-estatistico-2019. Accessed in 04/06/2020.
[MCTI 2015]
Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (2015). Third Brazilian Inventory of Anthropic Emissions and Removals of Greenhouse Gases. Reference Reports. Energy Sector. Fugitive Emissions of Green House Gases in the Oil and Gas Industry. Petrobras e Centro de Estudos Integrados sobre Meio Ambiente e Mudanças Climáticas - Centro Clima/COPPE/UFRJ. Available at: https://sirene.mctic.gov.br/portal/opencms/textoGeral/2018/10/11/Relatorios_de_Referencia_do_II_Inventario_Brasileiro_de_Emissoes_e_Remocoes_Antropicas_de_Gases_de_Efeito_Estufa.html. Accessed in: 12/06/2020.
Comment for methane (fossil): The amount of fugitive methane emitted during exploration and production activities in 2012 (112261860 kg - MCTI, 2015) is scaled according to the amount of Flaring and Losses informed by ANP (2019) for the years 2012 (1444.5E+06 m³) and 2018 (1358,2E+06 m³).
References:
[ANP 2019] Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (2019). Anuário Estatístico 2019. Available at: www.anp.gov.br/publicacoes/anuario-estatistico/5237-anuario-estatistico-2019. Accessed in 04/06/2020.
[MCTI 2015]
Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (2015). Third Brazilian Inventory of Anthropic Emissions and Removals of Greenhouse Gases. Reference Reports. Energy Sector. Fugitive Emissions of Green House Gases in the Oil and Gas Industry. Petrobras e Centro de Estudos Integrados sobre Meio Ambiente e Mudanças Climáticas - Centro Clima/COPPE/UFRJ. Available at: https://sirene.mctic.gov.br/portal/opencms/textoGeral/2018/10/11/Relatorios_de_Referencia_do_II_Inventario_Brasileiro_de_Emissoes_e_Remocoes_Antropicas_de_Gases_de_Efeito_Estufa.html. Accessed in: 12/06/2020.
; Calculated according to national statistics. |
